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Background@#In suckling piglets, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) causes lethal diarrhea accompanied by high infection and mortality rates, leading to considerable economic losses. This study explored methods of preventing or inhibiting their production.Bovine antimicrobial peptide-13 (APB-13) has antibacterial, antiviral, and immune functions. @*Objectives@#This study analyzed the efficacy of APB-13 against TGEV through in vivo and in vitro experiments. @*Methods@#The effects of APB-13 toxicity and virus inhibition rate on swine testicular (ST) cells were detected using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT). The impact of APB-13 on virus replication was examined through the 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50 ). The mRNA and protein levels were investigated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot (WB). Tissue sections were used to detect intestinal morphological development. @*Results@#The safe and effective concentration range of APB-13 on ST cells ranged from 0 to 62.5 µg/mL, and the highest viral inhibitory rate of APB-13 was 74.1%. The log10 TCID50 of 62.5 µg/mL APB-13 was 3.63 lower than that of the virus control. The mRNA and protein expression at 62.5 µg/mL APB-13 was significantly lower than that of the virus control at 24 hpi. Piglets in the APB-13 group showed significantly lower viral shedding than that in the virus control group, and the pathological tissue sections of the jejunum morphology revealed significant differences between the groups. @*Conclusions@#APB-13 exhibited good antiviral effects on TGEV invivo and in vitro.
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Objective To compare the cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and insulin resistance(IR),and analyze the correlation between IR and cardiac function.Methods A total of 282 patients with T2DM were enrolled randomly in this study from our clinic and ward from Aug.2015 to Aug.2016.All the subjects were divided into two groups according to the level of HOMA-IR:HOMA-IR ＜2.69 group(n=153) and HOMA-IR≥2.69 group(n=129).Healthy subjects were selected as the normal control group (NC group,n=150).The clinical data and biochemical index were collected in all the subjects.The cardiac function index included LVPWTd,WsTd,LVSV,LVFS and LVEF were tested and compared among the three groups.Pearson's correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between HOMA-IR and cardiac function index.Multiple stepwise linear regression was adopted to analyze the influencing factors for cardiac systolic function(LVEF) and diastolic function(E/A).Results (1) FPG,2 hPG and FIns decreased,while HOMA-β increased from HOMA-IR≥ 2.69 group,HOMA-IR＜ 2.69group to NC group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);(2) LVPWTd [(15.43±1.92) vs (11.38±1.78) vs (10.16±1.50) mm,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01)and WSTd [(14.35±2.00) vs (10.46±1.67) vs (9.00±1.08) mm,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01)were higher in HOMA-IR≥2.69 group and HOMA-IR＜2.69 group than in NC group.LVSV[(55.15±8.26)％ vs (60.27±8.12)％ vs (65.33±7.78)％,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01],LVEF [(62.41±8.89)％ vs (71.57±5.16)％ vs (76.35±7.80)％,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01],and E/A[(0.65±0.11) vs (0.76±0.18) vs (1.03±0.23),P＜0.05 or P＜0.01] were lower in HOMA-IR≥2.69 group and HOMA-IR＜2.69 group than in NC group.(3)Pearson correlation analysis showed that HOMA-IR was negatively correlated with LVEF and E/A(r=-0.746,-0.729,P=0.001).(4) Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR was an influencing factor for LVEF and E/A(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion With the aggravating of IR,LVEF and E/A are declined in diabetic patients.IR is a common risk factor for LVEF and E/A.
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Objective To explore the effects of dexmedetomidine on peripheral blood T lymphocyte proliferation and T lymphocyte subsets of juvenile rats with splenectomy.Methods Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 130-150 g,aged six weeks were enrolled in this study.Half of the rats received splenectomy to make an immunosuppressive model,then they were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=6 each): splenectomy+normal saline group (group SN) and splenectomy+dexmedetomidine group(group SD).The another half of the rats without splenectomy were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal saline group(group S) and dexmedetomidine group(group D).After one week of normal feeding,normal saline 10 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally (ip) in groups S and SN,dexmedetomidine 50 μg/kg was injected ip in groups D and SD respectively.Two hours after the injection,blood samples were collected.MTT was utilized to examine the peripheral blood T lymphocyte proliferative capability.T lymphocyte subsets CD4+,CD8+ were determined by flow cytometry.CD4+/CD8+ was calculated.Results Compared with group S,T lymphocyte proliferative capability,the percentages CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly decreased in group SN (P<0.05);T lymphocyte proliferative capability in group D was decreased (P<0.05),but no significant changes was found in the percentages CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio.Compared with the group D,T lymphocyte proliferative capability,the percentages CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in group SD were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Compared with the group SN,T lymphocyte proliferative capability in group SD was significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion Cellular immune function of juvenile rats with or without splenectomy is suppressed by dexmedetomidine,and the suppressive function is more severe in splenectomy rats than that in normal juvenile rats.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of coenzyme Q10 in preventing propofol infusion syndrome in rats.Methods Thirty pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 250-280 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),propofol group (group P) and coenzyme Q10 group (group CoQ10).Normal saline was infused intravenously in group C.In group P,1％ propofol in medium-and long-chain triglyceride emulsion injection was infused intravenously.In group CoQ10,CoQ10 100 mg/kg was administrated by intragastric gavage,and 1 h later propofol was infused intravenously.The infusion rate was 20mg·kg-1 ·h-1 within the first6hand40mg· kg-1 · h-1fortherest6h,and the total time was 12hin the three groups.Immediately after the start of administration (To),and at 6 and 12 h after the start of administration (T1,2),blood samples 2 ml were taken from the common carotid artery,with 0.5 ml for blood gas analysis and 1.5 ml for determination of the levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),creatine kinase (CK),creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB),cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnⅠ),blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr).After blood sampling,the rats were sacrificed,and myocardial tissues were obtained for pathological examination.Results Compared with group C,the serum AST,ALT,CK,CK-MB and cTnⅠ levels were significantly increased at T1,2 (P＜0.05),no significant changes were found in serum BUN and Cr levels (P＞0.05),the pathological changes of myocardium were aggravated in P and CoQ10 groups.Compared with group P,the serum AST,ALT,CK,CK-MB and cTnⅠ levels were significantly decreased at T1,2 (P＜0.05),no significant changes were found in serum BUN and Cr levels (P＞0.05),and the pathological changes of myocardium were significantly attenuated in group CoQ10.Conclusion Coenzyme Q10 can effectively prevent the development of propofol infusion syndrome in rats.